Piston.



G. J. SAYER.

PISTON.

APPLIGMION FILED 1-LAY27,1913.

1,1 14,187, Patented 0et.2o,1914.

fTo all cbhofmit may concern UniTnD STATE-'s PATENT orrion- GEORGE J;SAYER, OIErCHIGAG/f), ILLINOIS.

PISTON.

' i i Speciic'ation of Letters Patent.

Patented 0015.20, 1914..

A"OriginalVappIicatlioii filed January 10, '1913, Serial No. 741,178.Divided and this application liled May 27,

V f 1913. semina. 770,190.

Bevitiknown that I, GEORGE J. Sierra, a

l 1- citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county ofCook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Pistons, of which the following is a full, clear,concise, and exact description, refere'n'cedbeingv had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of y My invention relates topistons for sausage this` speciicati'on. f

stuffersandkindred devices and has for its object the provision of animproved machine of this character.

HVVMy invention contemplates a machine-ofv this-character in which amovable piston 1 may be used which is suitably actuated on one side byapplied pressure, and which by ,itsy movement in answer to this pressure"forces material out of the'cylinder within which the piston operates.

`The structureY herein comprises means .whereby the cover of thecylinder, that is the cylinder head, may notbe removed from the cylinderor tilted about its pivotal point on .y top'of the cylinder until suchtime as'the pressure has been released from the applied l pressure sideof the piston.

f-Myinvention contemplates means where- Ishould the aforesaid cover beopen and bylsome mischanceI the source of pressure connected to theapplied pressure side of the piston', all 4danger of throwing the pistonout of the cylinder is obviated. To accomplishthi'sresult provide areleasing mechanisingwithin the piston which operates when the coverl is`open and this pressure is applied torconduct this appliedv pressureoutside of theV cylinder without causing the piston to leavethecylinder. f This application is a divisional applica` tion of my caseSerial No. 741,178,1iled J an. 1.0, 1913, being limited to the pistonconstruction. HIwill explain one form of carrying out my invention byreferring to the accompanying drawings,".in which: f

Figure 1 is a side view of a machine constructeoly in accordancewith myinvention; Fig. 2 is a topview thereof, and Fig. 3 is a sectional viewto illustrate the safety and packing devicesl associated with myimproved piston. I

Referring more specifically to Figs. 1, 2 and 3,1 have a cylinder 1 intowhich a pipe 2 leads in the bottom thereof for the purpose of supplyinopressure to the interior of the cylinder to thereby actuate a piston 3which is shown more clearly in Fig. 3.Y A cover plate 4 is pivoted onthe shaft 5 and carries at its top two outlets 6 and 7 which leadfr'omfthe interior of the cylinder to the exterior lthereof and areadapted for use for sausage stufling or similar purposes as is wellunderstood. My invention'l concerns itself with means for preventing thedestruction of the machine should pressure be applied when this coverplate is open. A three-way valve 8 controlled by a handle 9 controls thefiow of pressure fluid from the pipe 10 through the pipe 2 to within thecylinder. This valve 8 may have any of the ordinary constructions insuch a way that depending upon the position of the handle 9 pressure maybe supplied to within the cylinder, or the supply may be cut off byclosing the opening of the pipe 10 within the valve 8 and opening thepipe 2 to the 'atmosphere as may be fdesired to thereby release thepressure from within the cylinder and permit the piston to fall bygravity to be in position to take a fresh charge. A hinged cover platehas a locking device consisting of the two toggle elements 11 and 12,the element 11 consisting preferably of the two parts as are pivoted tothe element 12 at the opposite 'extremity by means of the shaft 14. Thisshaft 14 is further controlled by ahandle 15 whose purposes will bepresently explained. The element 12 is also in the nature 'of a handleand has at its' top extremity two pr0- truding arms 16, 16 which areadapted to enter notches 17, 17 provided in the two parts of the element11. The arm 12 has also intermediate its ends a pair of arms 18, 18which are adapted when the cover plate is closed and the handle 12 inthe position shown in Fig. 1 to engage the under surfaces of lugs 19, 19secured to the cylinder 1.

` The elements 11 and 12 are in the nature of toggles and together withthe handle 15 secure a complete closure of the cover plate 4 when in theposition'shown in Fig. 1. The valve handle 9 controls a connecting rod20 which actuates a bracket 21 guided at its right hand extremitpreferably by encircling the tube 2 and astened at its left handextremity to a slide 22, which is held in sliding positionupon thecylinder 1 by means of the headed bolts 23', 23. This'plate 22` carriesa ring 24 which when the parts are in the position shown encircles thehandle 12 and revents its movement. The arm 21 likewise is directlyacross the path of the handle 15 to thereby prevent the movement of thishandle 15, the parts being in the position shown. Now should the valvehandle "9 however be moved to release the pressure from the cylinder,then this movement will lower the arm 21 and the plate 22 until the arm15 is free to be rotated to unlock the devices 11 and 12, whereafter thearm'12 maybe actuated, it now being' clear of the ring 24 so that theactuation of this arm 12 mayv release the arms 18 from the lugs 19 tolthereby permit the cover to be opened. A 4bracket 25 is used to hold thepipe 2 and dits connecting elements in position.. A pin 26 pivotallyunites the handle 9 wlth the rod 20. From this it will be readily seenthat the coverfi cannot be opened as the arms 12 and 15 cannot bereleased until the valve handle 9 has shut off the pressure from thecylinder l and released the pressure there- A position of the valvehandle 9 in Fig. 1 allows the application of the pressure to the piston.When this valve handle 9 is rotated contra-clockwise, referring to Fig.1 the pressure is shut off by any suitable valve mechanism 8 as isreadily apparentv so that the arms-12 and 15 may be released. Thisrelease of course need not take place 'until the confined pressurewithinthe cylinder has also been released, after the pressure' from thesourceof supply has been out oil". Now

should the cover plate 4 be open, the mechanism so far described wouldnot prevent re-application of the pressure from the source of supply tothe applied lpressure side of the piston wit-hin the cylinder. With thecover open, if the pressure is applied the piston of course would beblown out like a projectile. Referring however more particularly to Fig.3, I will describe the means which I set forth to prevent this violentprojection of the piston from the cylinder in the event of theapplication of pressure thereto with the cover open. This piston hereinis preferably made of two parts to facilitate constructionalrequirements,` which parts consist of the upper portion 27 and the lower28. A hollow portion 29 may be provided which communicates bymeans ofducts 30 to the applied pressure side of the vpiston within thecylinder. Bolts 31 may be provided having adjusting devices in the form.of distance pieces 32 and nuts 33 for the purpose of adjusting thepacking mechv anism as will presently appear. Suitable ductsl 34, 34lead from the chamber 29 to the ports 35, 35, which ports are normallyclosed by the plates 36, 36 when the piston is entirely within thecylinder 1. These valve plates36 are hinged to the plston at their lowerextremities so that as the piston is lowered from the position of Fig.3, they swing about their pivots to close the ducts. In thisillustration of Fig. 3 the plston 1s shown as being removed partiallyfromthe cylinder, that is, it is shown as having rlsen above the top ofthe cylinder on account of the application of pressure with the coveropen. The plates 36 are automatically closed-and held in position by thewalls of the cylinder 1, but are.k blo wn outwardly when the piston inanswer to this wrongfully applied pressure rises above the upper line ofthe cylinder, therebv permittlng tins pressure to escape' through theduct 30, chamber 29, and duct 34 to the atmosphere, thus preventing thepiston from being blown outwardly beyond the position shown in Fig. 3.After this pressure is again shut o f and the pressure released from theunder side of vthe piston, it will fall back by gravity and the plates36 will again automatically close the ports 35.

The packing for the piston consists of a flexible gasket or Vpacklr'lgring 37 which is held between two recessed portions 38, 38 of theelements 27 and 28. The amount of pressure which this element 37 exertsnormally against the sides of the'cylinder 1 may be regulated by thebolt mechanism 31 as will be readily apparent.

This gasket 37 vit will be seen is pressed outwardly against thecylinder when the machine is being used in direct response tothepressure applied against the piston. When the piston is so used theports' 35 are of course closed'but the pressure from the under sideofthe piston and which actuates the piston likewise finds its waythrough the tube 30 into the space 29 where it may act against thegasket 37 to press it outwardly against the cylinder l with the sameunit pressure which actuates the piston. A very secure means of packingis thus provided during the tune the cylinder is in use, the pressurefor which, however, is released when the ion piston actuating pressureis released, thus to permit the entire piston to fall by gravity at suchtime. j

I have thus described one form which my invention may take, but it willof course be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that manymodifications may be made from the structure herein disclosed withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention.

Having however, thusdescribed onev specific form which it may take, whatI claim asy new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: v

1. In combination with a cylinder, of a piston movable therein, meansfor supplyying pressure to said cylinder on one side of said piston, alcover plate for said cylinder,

and a valve carried by the piston to release the pressure fromwithin'the cylinder when vthe cover plate is notvin place upon thecylinder.

- piston, a cover 2. In combination with a cylinder, of a in thecylinder when the cover plate is not through said in place upon thecylinder.

3. In combination with a. cylinder, of a piston movable therein, meansfor supplying'pressure to said cylinder on one side of said piston, acover p ate for said cylinder, a valve carried by the piston controlledby the piston to release the pressure from within the cylinder when thecover plate is not in place upon the lcylinder, and a duct istoncontrolled by said valve.

4. In combination with a cylinder, of a piston movabley therein, meansfor supplyin pressure to said cylinder on one side of said piston, acover plate for said cylinder, a valve carried by the `piston controlledby the piston to release the pressure from within the cylinder when thecover plate vis not in place upon the cylinder, and. a `duct throughsaid istoncontrolled by said valve, -said valve bein held in place toclose the outlet of said uct v'vhen the piston is en-` tirely within thecylinder.v v

5. In combinatin with a cylinder, of a piston movable therein, means forsupplying pressure to said cylinder on one side of said piston, a coverplate for said cylinder, and a valve carried by the piston to releasethe pressure from Within the cylinder when the cover late is not inplace upon the cylfinder, said) valve bein operable when said pistonyhas partially le t said cylinder.

6. In combination with a cylinder, of' a piston movable therein, meansfor supplying pressure to said cylinder on one side of said piston, acover late for said cylinder, a duct through sai piston, and a valvehinged to the pistn to control said duct, saidvalve being held in aclosed position normally by the cylinder Wall.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 16th dayof Ma A.D., 1913.

. GEO. SAYER. Witnesses: WM. A. CHAriN,

J. M. PETERSON.

Copie: et this patent may be obtained for dve cents each, addressing theCommissioner of latenti.

Washington. D. 0.

